High frequencies of Y chromosome lineages
characterized by E3b1, DYS19-11, DYS392-12
in Somali males
Sanchez et al. 2005
Abstract
Y chromosome haplogroup variation We identified a total of 23 Y chromosome haplogroups in 389 males from Somalia, sub-Saharan West Africa, Turkey and Iraq. Figure 1 shows the genealogical relationship of
the haplogroups and their frequencies. In Somali males, 14 haplogroups were identified. The frequency of the clade E3b was 81.1%, including 77.6% of the haplogroup E3b1 defined by the M78 mutation. The Eurasian haplogroup K2 was found in 10.4%, and 3.0% of the Somali Y chromosomes belonged to the major clade J. Only 3.0% of the Somalis had the sub-Saharan African haplogroups A3, B and E3a*(xE3a4). Less than 2.0% of the Somalis belonged to the Northwest African E3b2 lineage. In the present study, no individual belonging to E3b*
chromosomes carried the V6 mutation, which identifies a
subset of chromosomes assigned to E3b* (E-M35*).10
Among the sub-Saharan Western Africans, only four
haplogroups were identified. The West African clade E3a
was found in 89.2%. Only one individual carried the major
clade E3b (1.5%), and the haplogroup E3b1 was not
observed.
In Turks, 12 haplogroups were found. The four haplogroups
J2*(xJ2f2) (27.1%), R1b3*(xR1b3d, R1b3f)
(20.3%), E3b3 and R1a1*(xR1a1b) (both 11.9%) were the
most frequent ones.
In Iraqis, 12 haplogroups were identified. The haplogroup
J2*(xJ2f2) was the most frequent one (29.7%)
followed by J*(xJ2) (26.6%).